Parapause breakage as a key step for the continuous indoor rearing of <i>Philaenus spumarius</i>

The development of an efficient indoor rearing protocol Philaenus spumarius is a key step for research on the meadow spittlebug, as it could reduce researchers' dependency availability and collection univoltine individuals in field. Here, we implemented previously described by inducing females' parapause breakage before mating. This new enables completion life cycle P. (adult to adult) 149 days, potentially providing three generations per year under laboratory conditions.